“A Mistaken Identification Sent Him to Prison for 38 Years, But He Never Gave Up Fighting for Freedom.” Innocence Project, https://innocenceproject.org/news/a-mistaken-identification-sent-him-to-prison-for-38-years-but-he-never-gave-up-fighting-for-freedom/. Accessed 8 Dec. 2025.

 

Admin, Madeo. “Convict Leasing in Alabama Coal Mines.” Equal Justice Initiative, 3 Apr. 2017, https://eji.org/news/convict-leasing-alabama-coal-mines/.

 

Auslander, Mark. “The Accidental Slaveowner: Revisiting a myth of race and finding an American family.” University of Georgia Press eBooks, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1353/book2516.

 

Calvin Duncan | Loyola University New Orleans. https://www.loyno.edu/academics/faculty-and-staff-directory/calvin-duncan. Accessed 8 Dec. 2025.

 

“Calvin Duncan for Clerk of Court on Instagram: ‘When We Say There Are Lives at Stake, We’re Not Exaggerating. The Carceral System in New Orleans Has Stolen Thousands upon Thousands of Years of Innocent People’s Lives, Due in Part to the Abysmal Record- and Evidence- Keeping of the Clerk’s Office. Calvin and so Many like Him Have Lived This Sad Reality for Far Too Long. It’s Time for a Change.’” Instagram, 13 Nov. 2025, https://www.instagram.com/calvin4clerk/reel/DQ-6T-Jjkh1/.

 

Convict Leasing. https://eji.org/news/history-racial-injustice-convict-leasing/. Accessed 8 Dec. 2025.

 

Convict Leasing. https://eji.org/news/history-racial-injustice-convict-leasing/. Accessed 8 Dec. 2025.

 

“Guard Tower from Camp H at Angola Prison.” National Museum of African American History and Culture, https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2013.26.1ab. Accessed 8 Dec. 2025.

 

Guard Tower from Camp H at Angola Prison | National Museum of African American History and Culture. https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2013.26.1ab. Accessed 8 Dec. 2025.

 

“How a Wrongly Incarcerated Person Became the ‘Most Brilliant Legal Mind’ in ‘America’s Bloodiest Prison.’” Innocence Project, https://innocenceproject.org/news/how-a-wrongly-incarcerated-person-became-the-most-brilliant-legal-mind-in-americas-bloodiest-prison-2/. Accessed 8 Dec. 2025.

 

Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/reel/DOgTLSlFTYo/?igsh=cjd4b3dmeXVkdXI0. Accessed 8 Dec. 2025.

Introducing: The Journey of a Jailhouse Lawyer. https://www.calvinduncan.com/p/introducing-the-journey-of-a-jailhouse. Accessed 8 Dec. 2025.

 

National Park to Remove Exhibit of Famed Photograph Showing Former Slave’s Scarred Back, Says Report | The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-national-parks-slavery-exhibits-b2827189.html. Accessed 8 Dec. 2025.

 

Slavery by Another Name | Episode 1. www.pbs.org, https://www.pbs.org/video/slavery-another-name-slavery-video/. Accessed 9 Dec. 2025.

 

Steffenhagen, -Cali Steffenhagen Cali. “Citizen Historians Document Smithsonian Exhibits under White House Scrutiny.” PBS News, 25 Sept. 2025, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/citizen-historians-document-smithsonian-exhibits-under-white-house-scrutiny.

 

Vazquez, Jose. “Convict Leasing.” Equal Justice Initiative, 1 Nov. 2013, https://eji.org/news/history-racial-injustice-convict-leasing/.